Drought is one of the main stress factors which affects cultivation throughout the world. Severe drought is a great challenge regarding the survival of the plants, because it influences plant growth and it reduces the quantity and the quality of the harvestable crops.
Plants react with protective mechanisms to environmental stress. To maintain inner hydrostatic pressure (turgor pressure) plants slow down evaporation with cumulating osmoregulatory compounds. Plants minimalize the drastic stress effects of drought with closing their gas exchange pores. Therefore, in conditions of a reduced water source, water transportation is decreased in the plant, which also worsens the quantity and the speed of nutrition absorption.
Plants in water shortage condition can reach less nutrient because if the water source is limited, pores in the soil fill with air instead of water. Thus, the rate and quantity of nutrients coming from the root zone reduces and they are less available for roots.